The Effect of Zakat Distribution, Inflation, and Economic Growth on the Poverty Rate in Indonesia in 2014-2024 According to the Islamic Economic Perspective

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of zakat distribution, inflation, and economic growth on poverty rates in Indonesia during the 2014–2024 period from an Islamic economic perspective. The background of this study is based on the trend of declining national poverty, which was temporarily disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the importance of zakat as an instrument for the equitable distribution of wealth. The research method employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS), Bank Indonesi (BI), and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), analyzed via multiple linear regression using E-Views 10 software. The results indicate that zakat distribution has a negative and significant effect on poverty levels, inflation has a positive and significant effect, while economic growth has a negative and significant effect. Simultaneously, these three variables have a significant effect on the poverty rate with a calculated F-value of 6.97, which is greater than the critical F-value of 4.35 at α = 0.05, and an F-statistic probability value of 0.016 < 0.05. The study’s conclusion confirms that targeted productive zakat, inflation control, and inclusive economic growth are key factors in poverty alleviation in accordance with the principles of maqashid syariah.